This article discusses nine criteria for evaluation of potential Burden Sharing Rules (BSRs) in climate policy agreements. Three of the criteria reflect fairness principles while six of them are operational requirements. These criteria are useful for identifying potential BSRs that could be promisin...
This report is the second working paper of the joint CICERO (Center for International Climate and Environmental Research, Oslo) and ECN (Netherlands Energy Research Foundation) project ‘Rules for Burden Differentiation of Greenhouse Gas Reduction’. The funding of this research project by the Researc...
This paper analyses a set of CO2-reducing abatement options related to coal consumption in Shanxi, China. The costs and potential for abatement are investigated for different economic sectors, and the entailed emission reductions are estimated in terms of CO2, SO2, and particles. The present populat...
This paper gives an outline of three explanatory approaches to policymaking processes that allow the development of a rich set of non-trivial, probable assumptions. These assumptions provide a foundation for understanding climate policymaking behavior. First, the Unitary Rational Actor model provide...
This paper studies optimal abatement of CO2 emissions, when investments in abatement measures are subject to adjustment costs. Decisions are made under uncertainty about the damages of climate change. Optimal abatement is determined in a Ramsey model for economic growth in which the damages of clima...
The preliminary emission scenarios in the Special Report on Emission Scenario (SRES) developed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), will eventually replace the old IS92 scenarios. By running these scenarios in a simple climate model (SCM) we estimate future temperature increase b...
This paper presents an overview of the development of wind energy in China. By examining the economics of windfarm development, it compares the economics of wind technology with other conventional energy technologies and analyzes the role of alternative policy instruments. Meanwhile, it identifies t...
The purpose of this paper is to illuminate potential problems with the flexibility mechanism in the Kyoto Protocol connected to the establishment of an enforcement system. The Kyoto mechanisms are emission trading, Joint Implementation with other Annex B countries and finally the Clean Development M...
The consequences of the Kyoto Protocol for the fossil fuel markets depend on which policy instruments that are used in order to reach the emission targets. This paper uses a numerical model to assess the significance of international emission trading for the oil, coal and gas markets. Three differen...